Military Inc. Inside Pakistan’s Military Economy Second Edition Ayesha Siddiqa

Military Inc.: Inside Pakistan’s Military Economy (Second Edition) by Ayesha Siddiqa is a groundbreaking and extensively researched study of the political and economic role of Pakistan’s military. First published in 2007 and updated in later editions, this book uncovers how Pakistan’s armed forces have built a vast business empire—spanning real estate, industry, banking, and services—creating what Siddiqa terms the “Milbus” (Military Business).

The second edition updates the narrative with fresh insights into how the military’s influence has deepened in Pakistan’s politics, economy, and society. It explores the impact of Milbus on governance, democracy, and economic growth, while questioning the sustainability of such a system.

Drawing on years of academic research and insider information, the book is considered a seminal work on civil–military relations in South Asia. Bold, controversial, and meticulously detailed, Military Inc. is essential for students of political science, international relations, security studies, and contemporary Pakistani affairs